Tβ4 is one of the main actin regulatory molecules in human body. It has multiple biological functions and plays an extremely important role in physiological and pathological processes such as tissue regeneration, remodeling, wound healing, maintenance of actin balance, tumor pathogenesis and metastasis, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, hair follicle development and so on. 1. Actin regulator Actin accounts for about 10% of total protein in non-muscle cells and is an important component for cell structure, cell movement and wound healing. Tβ4 in cells is sufficient to block all actin and can be involved in the regulation of actin polymerization and depolymerization. Tβ4 can bind actin monomer at a ratio of 1:1 to prevent the formation of F-actin polymeric body. The binding of Tβ4 to actin is accompanied by dissociation of binding water, and its C-terminus binds to actin His-40, resulting in the conformation change of actin monomer. The molecular structure of Tβ4 contains a Chemicalbook actin binding domain (LKKTET), which is the main electrostatic contact site. Its N-terminal profragment can inhibit the polymerization of actin by steric action. When acted alone, Tβ4 can inhibit the polymerization of actin and the exchange of nucleosides on actin. This is in contrast to the effect of Profiling, another actin-binding protein, which can promote the exchange of ADP and ATP and accelerate the assembly of actin. Tβ4 and Profiling can cooperatively regulate the assembly of actin. Tβ4 regulates the conversion between G-actin and F-actin. Tβ4 concentrations up to 300pmol have been reported in highly mobile blood cells, whereas tβ4 binding to g-actin requires less than 20pmol. When the concentration of Tβ4 increased, the depolymerization ability of F-actin decreased, which may be the reason for the function of Tβ4 in regulating the intracellular microfilament system.
COA:
Function:
Thymus β4 and tumor studies have shown that thymus β4 acetate is associated with a variety of tumors, including colon cancer, melanoma, fibrosarcoma, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer and lung cancer, etc. It can cooperate with a variety of factors to promote tumor invasion and metastasis. 2. The role of thymus β4 in the repair of heart injury in the acute phase of myocardial infarction, a large number of cardiomyocytes are ischemic and necrotic, leading to the impairment of cardiac function, and eventually progress to heart failure. Studies have confirmed that acetic acid thymic β4 has the protective effect on cardiomyocytes.
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